Growth and Yield of Sesame (Sesamum Indicum L.) As Affected By Nitrogen and Phosphorus at Peshawar, Pakistan

Abstract

The field experiment was conducted during Rabi 2023 to study Effect of NP application on growth and yield of sesame at Students’ Experimental Farm, Department of Agronomy, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan in a three replicated randomized complete block design (RCBD). The treatments included T₁ = Control (No fertilizer), T₂ = 40-30 NP kg ha^-1, T₃ = 55-40 NP kg ha^-1, T₄ = 70-50 NP kg ha^-1, T₅ = 85-60 NP kg ha^-1 and T₆ = 100-70 NP kg ha^-1. The results of the study indicated that the sesame treated with 70-80 NP kg ha^-1 resulted maximum 12.12 branches plant^-1, 180.80 capsules plant^-1, 44.37 seeds capsule^-1, 51.68 g seed weight plant^-1, 4.26 g seed index, 5223.0 kg ha^-1 biological yield and 672.76 kg ha^-1 seed yield. The nitrogen and phosphorus 60-70 kg ha^-1 resulted maximum 182.05 cm plant height, 10.71 branches plant^-1, 158.94 capsules plant^-1, 39.37 seeds capsule^-1, 45.56 g seed weight plant^-1, 3.95 g seed index, 4802.9 kg ha^-1 biological yield and 622.99 kg ha^-1 seed yield. Similarly, the sesame treated with 50-60 NP kg ha^-1 resulted 158.14 cm plant height, 9.29 branches plant^-1, 136.88 capsules plant^-1, 34.18 seeds capsule^-1, 39.56 g seed weight plant^-1, 3.65 g seed index, 4382.8 kg ha^-1 biological yield and 572.76 kg ha^-1 seed yield. Nitrogen and phosphours 40-50 kg ha^-1 resulted 150.16 cm plant height, 7.88 branches plant^-1, 115.14 capsules plant^-1, 29.48 seeds capsule^-1, 33.65 g seed weight plant^-1, 3.31 g seed index, 3962.8 kg ha^-1 biological yield and 522.90 kg ha^-1 seed yield. 30-40 NP kg ha^-1 resulted 154.96 cm plant height, 6.50 branches plant^-1, 92.82 capsules plant^-1, 24.37 seeds capsule^-1, 27.75 g seed weight plant^-1, 3.00 g seed index, 3542.7 kg ha^-1 biological yield and 472.86 kg ha^-1 seed yield. However, control (No fertilizer) resulted minimum 104.82 cm plant height, 5.10 branches plant^-1, 70.92 capsules plant^-1, 19.28 seeds capsule^-1, 21.65 g seed weight plant^-1, 2.68 g seed index, 3122.5 kg ha^-1 biological yield and 422.76 kg ha^-1 seed yield. After going through the findings of the present research, it was concluded that the growth and yield of sesame increased simultaneously with increasing nitrogen and phosphorus levels and the sesame fertilized with 70-80 NP kg ha^-1 resulted in maximum seed yield (672.76 kg ha^-1), followed by 60-70 NP kg ha^-1 (622.99 kg ha^-1) and 50-60 NP kg ha^-1 (572.76 kg ha^-1).