An Energy Aware Cluster Based Routing Framework for IoMT based flying Ad hoc Networks

Abstract

The integration of Flying Ad hoc Networks (FANETs) with Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) has introduced new opportunities and challenges in emergency healthcare delivery, especially in remote and hard-to-reach areas. This research proposes an Energy Aware Cluster Based Routing Protocol for FANETs (EA-CBRP-FAN) to enhance energy efficiency, scalability, and reliability in real-time medical data transmission. The proposed framework segments the network into cells and clusters, where sensor nodes (Cluster Members) collect vital health parameters and transmit them to Cluster Heads, which forward the data to base stations. These base stations interface with a healthcare application via cellular infrastructure, facilitating remote access to patient data for medical staff and emergency services. The network architecture also incorporates Internet of Drones (IoD) to support rapid medical response in areas inaccessible by ground transport. Performance evaluation using a Neural Network classifier shows the proposed protocol achieving approximately 42% accuracy across key metrics including precision, recall, and F1-score. The results affirm the protocol’s potential to support energy-efficient, prioritized, and resilient data routing in UAV-assisted IoMT environments.